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Department Faculty

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Nancy Betz

Betz received her PhD in psychology from the University of Minnesota in 1976. In addition to her faculty position at Ohio State, where she is Professor of Psychology, she has held Visiting Professor appointments at Stanford University and the University of California at Santa Barbara. She has published over 150 articles and chapters and two books on topics including psychological measurement and testing, applications of self-efficacy theory to career assessment, and women's career development. Her current work is integration of measures of personality and career interests and confidence using the Healthy Personality Inventory, Career Confidence Inventory, and career Interest Inventory. She developed with Professor Fred Borgen of Iowa State University. She has received numerous awards for her research including the John Holland Award for Research in Personality and Career Psychology and the Leona Tyler Award for Distinguished Scholarly Contributions to Counseling Psychology.

In addition to her schorlarly work Betz has served on the major editorial boards in vocational psychology and served as Editor of the Journal of Vocational Behavior from 1984 to 1990. She served on the Department of Defense Advisory Committee on Military Testing and on the Research Advisory boards of several psychological test publishers. She has received the State University Alumni Distinguished Teaching Award, was appointed a Charter Member of the Ohio State University Academy of Teaching, and gave the University Commencement Address at the Winter 1993 graduation ceremonies.

Selected Publications


Lin, S-P. & Betz, N. (In press). Factors related to the social self-efficacy of Chinese international students. The Counseling Psychologist.
Betz, N.E. (2008). Advances in vocational theories. In S. Brown & R. Lent (Eds.), Handbook Of Counseling Psychology. New York: Wiley.
Betz, N.E. & Weiss, D.J. (2008). Validity. In R. Parker and B. Bolton (Eds.) Handbook of Measurements and Evaluation in Counseling and Development. Austin, TX: Pro-ed.
Borgen, F. & Betz, N. (2008). Career self-efficacy and personality: Linking the Career Confidence Inventory and the Healthy Personality Inventory. Journal of Career Assessment, 16, 22-43.
Betz, N.E. (2007). Career self-efficacy: Exemplary recent research and emerging directions. Journal of Career Assessment, 15, 403-422.
Betz, N.E. (2007). The career development of women. In F. Denmark & M. Paludi (Eds.) Handbook of the Psychology of Women (pp.717-752). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
Chaney, D., Hammond, M., Betz, N., & Multon, K. (2007). The reliability and factor structure of the Career Decision Self-efficacy Scale- SF with African Americans. Journal of Career Assessment, 15, 194-205.
Hartman, R. and Betz, N. (2007). The five factor model and career self-efficacy: General and domain specific relationships. Journal of Career Assessment, 15, 145-161.
Reed, D., Fox, L., Betz, N. et al. (2007) Gender equity in testing and assessment. In S. Klein et al.(Eds.), Handbook of achieving gender equity through education. (pp. 155-170). Mahwah, N..J.: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Mullikin, E.A., Bakken, L.L. & Betz, N.E. (2007). Assessing research self-efficacy in physician-scientists. Journal of Career Assessment, 15, 367-387.
Hermann, K. & Betz, N.E. (2006). Path models of the relationships of instrumentality, social self-efficacy, and self-esteem to depression and loneliness. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology,25, 1086-1106.
Betz, N. (2006). The role of career development in women's health. In J. Worrell & C. Goodheart (Eds.), Handbook of girls' and women's psychological health (pp. 312-320). New York: Oxford.
Betz, N.E. (2006). Women's career development: Theories and concepts. In W.B. Walsh and M. Heppner (Eds.), Career counseling for women (pp. 45-74). Mahwah, N.J.: Erlbaum.
Betz, N.E. & Hackett, G. (2006). Career self-efficacy theory: Back to the future. Journal of Career Assessment, 14, 3-11.
Betz, N. & Rottinghaus, P. (2006). Current research on parallel measures of interests and confidence for basic domains of vocational activity. Journal of Career Assessment, 14 56-76.
Betz, N., Borgen, F. & Harmon, L. (2006). Vocational confidence and personality in the prediction of occupational group membership. Journal of Career Assessment, 14, 36-55.
Betz, N. (2005). Women's career development. In S.D. Brown & R.W. Lent (Eds.), Career development and counseling: Putting theory and research to work (pp. 253-280). New York: Wiley.
Betz, N.E. & Wolfe, J.B. (2005). Measuring confidence for basic domains of vocational activiy in high school students. Journal of Career Assessment, 13, 251-270.
Betz, N.E. (2005). Developing and using parallel measures of career self-efficacy and interests with adolesents. In F. Pajares and T. Urdan (Eds.), Self-efficacy beliefs of adolescents. (pp. 225-244). Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing.
Hermann, K.S. & Betz, N.E. (2004). Path models of the relationships of instrumentality and expressivness to social self-efficacy, shyness, and depressive symptoms in college students. Sex Roles, 51, 55-67.
Betz, N., Borgen, F., Rottinghaus, P., Paulsen, A., Halper, C. & Harmon, L. (2003). The Expanded Skills Confidence Inventory: Measuring basic dimensions of vocational activity. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 62, 76-100.
Rottinghaus, P., Betz, N., & Borgen, F. (2003). Validity of parallel measures of vocational interests and confidence. Journal of Career Assessment, 11, 355-378.
Betz, N. (2002). Women's career development: Weaving personal themes and theoretical constructs. The Counseling Psychologist, 30, 467-481.
Smith, H. & Betz, N. (2002). Examination of efficacy and esteem pathways to depression. Journal of Counseling Psychology. 49, 438-448.
Betz, N. & Schifano, R. (2000). Evaluation of an intervention to increase Realistic self-efficacy and interests in college students. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 56 , 35-52.
Smith, H. & Betz, N.E. (2000). Development and evaluation of a measure of social self-efficacy in college students. Journal of Career Assessment, 8, 282-302.
Betz, N.E. (2000). Self-efficacy as a basis for career assessment. Journal of Career Assessment, 8, 205-222.
Betz, N. & Borgen, F. (2000). The future of career assessment: Integrating vocational interests with self-efficacy and personal styles. Journal of Career Assessment, 8, 329-338.
Betz, N., Borgen, F. Kaplan, A., & Harmon, L. (1998). Gender as a moderator of the validity and interpretive utility of the Skills Confidence Inventory. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 53, 1-19.
Betz, N. E. (1997). What stops women and minorities from choosing and completing majors in science and engineering. In D. Johnson (ED.) Minorities and girls in school: Effects on achievement and performance. Thousand Oaks CA; Sage. Series on Leaders in Psychology.
Betz, N. & Hackett, G. (1997). Applications of self-efficacy theory to the career development of women. Journal of Career Assessment, 5, 383-402.
Betz, N. E., Harmon, L., & Borgen, F. (1996). The relationships of self- efficacy for the Holland themes to gender, occupational group membership, and vocational interests. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 43, 90-98.
Betz, N. & Luzzo, D. (1996). Career assessment and the Career Decision Self-efficacy Scale (CDMSE). Journal of Career Assessment , 4, 313-328.
Hackett, G., & Betz, N. E. (1995). Self-efficacy and career choice. For J. Maddux (Ed.), Self-efficacy, adaptation, and adjustment: Theory, research, and application (pp. 249-280). New York: Plenum.
Betz, N. E. (1995). Sex and gender as individual differences variables. New concepts and findings. In R. Dawis and D. Lubinski (Eds.), Assessing individual differences in human behavior: New concepts, methods, and findings. (pp. 119-144). Palo Alto: Consulting Psychologists' Press.
Betz, N., Fitzgerald, L., & Fassinger, R. E. (1995). Theoretical issues in the vocational psychology of women. For S. Osipow and W. B. Walsh (Eds.), Handbook of vocational psychology (2nd ed.). (pp. 67-109). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Betz, N. E., & Fitzgerald, L. F. (1993). Individuality and diversity: Theory and research in counseling psychology. Annual Review of Psychology, 44, 343-381.
Hackett, G., Betz, N., Casas, J. M., & Rocha-Singh, I. A. (1992). Gender, ethnicity, and social cognitive factors predicting the academic achievement of students in engineering. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 39, 527-538.
Betz, N. E. (1989). The null environment and women's career development. The Counseling Psychologist, 17, 136-144.
Betz, N. E. (1987). Applications of discriminant analysis to counseling psychology research. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 34(4), 393-403. Special issue on uses of multivariate statistical methods in counseling psychology research.
Betz, N. E., & Hackett, G. (1986). Applications of self-efficacy theory to career development. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 4, 279-289.
Betz, N. E., & Hackett, G. (1983). The relationship of mathematics self- efficacy expectations to the selection of science-based college majors. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 23, 329-345.
Taylor, K. M., & Betz, N. E. (1983). Applications of self-efficacy theory to the understanding and treatment of career indecision. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 22, 63-81.
Hackett, G., & Betz, N. E. (1981). A self-efficacy approach to the career development of women. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 18, 326-339.
Betz, N. E., & Hackett, G. (1981). The relationship of career-related self- efficacy expectations to perceived career options in college women and men. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 28, 399-410.
Betz, N. E. (1978). Prevalence, distribution, and correlates of math anxiety in college students. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 25, 441-448.
Betz, N. E. (1977). Effects of immediate knowledge of results and adaptive testing on ability test performance. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1, 259-266.


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